Autoimmune hepatitis

Autoimmune hepatitis

● Dalili na sababu  

Sababu: HLA na molekuli zisizo za HLA na vichocheo vya mazingira kama vile virusi, sumu, na microbiome zimependekezwa kama sehemu muhimu kwa majibu ya kinga ya seli ya T.  

CELLULAR and MOLECULAR MECHENISM: The presentation of autoantigenic peptide (AG) to naïve CD4+ T helper cells (TH0) by antigen-presenting cells (APC, dendritic cells (DC)) leads to a secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-6, and TGF-B) who give rise to the development of Th1, Th2, and TH17 seli. Seli za Th1 secrete IL-2 na IFN-Y, ambayo huchochea seli za CD8+ kushawishi kujieleza kwa darasa la HLA I na HLA darasa la II la darasa la HLA kwenye hepatocytes. Tregs na seli za Th2 secrete IL-4, IL-10, na IL-13 na hivyo kuchochea kukomaa kwa seli za B na seli za plasma ambazo wenyewe hutoa autoantibodies. Seli za Th17, ambazo ziliongezeka idadi zinahusiana na kiwango cha fibrosis ya ini, cytokines za proinflammatory na kukandamiza seli za udhibiti (Treg). Kupungua kwa nambari ya Tregs husababisha uvumilivu usioharibika kwa autoantijeni ambayo baadaye husababisha kuanzishwa na kuendeleza uharibifu wa ini ya autoimmune.